Researchers at the Keck School of Medicine of USC have found that a 0.68 milligram per liter increase in fluoride exposure may nearly double the chance of a child showing neurobehavioral problems in a range considered close to or at a level to meet the criteria for clinical diagnosis.

The population-level findings add to existing evidence from animal studies showing that fluoride can harm neurodevelopment, as well as data from research conducted in Canada, Mexico and other countries showing that prenatal exposure to fluoride is linked with a lower IQ in early childhood.

The study, funded in part by the National Institutes of Health, was published in JAMA Network Open.

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